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Basics of Piping System

Piping Engineers studying from the best piping design institutes in India are trained about the basics of the piping system. A piping system is an assembly of pipe, fittings, valves, and speciality components. All piping systems are engineered to transport a fluid or gas safely and reliably from one piece of equipment to another.

Piping is divided into two main categories:
Small bore lines and Large bore lines

As a general practice, those pipelines with nominal diameters 2” (50mm) and under are classified as small bore and greater than 2” (50mm) NB as the large bore. In this blog, let’s explore the basics of the piping system, which is all about designing, fabricating and constructing lines for conveying fluids.

Abbreviations of Piping System:
NPS - Nominal Pipe Size
DN - Diamètre Nominal
ID - Inside Diameter
OD - Outside Diameter
SCH - Schedule (Wall Thickness)
STD - Standard Weight Wall Thickness
XS - Extra Strong Wall Thickness
XXS - Double Extra Strong Wall Thickness

Basics of Pipe Sizes
Pipe sizes are designated by two numbers: Diameter and Thickness. In the US, pipe size is designated by two non-dimensional numbers: Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) and schedule (SCH). Let’s look at some key relationships:

Nominal pipe size (NPS) is used to describe a pipe by name only. Nominal pipe size (NPS) is generally associated with the inside diameter (ID) for sizes 1/8” to 12”. For sizes 14” and beyond, the NPS is equal to the outside diameter (OD) in inches.

Outside diameter (OD) and inside diameter (ID), as their names imply, refer to the pipe by their actual outside and inside measurements. Outside diameter (OD) remains same for a given size irrespective of pipe thickness.

Schedule refers to the pipe wall thickness. As the schedule number increases, the wall thickness increases, and the inside diameter (ID) is reduced.

Nominal Bore (NB) along with schedule (wall thickness) is used in British standards classification.

Piping Design Course in Pune will help you learn and master these basics thoroughly.

Reference: Process Piping Fundamentals, Codes and Standards by A.Bhatia

If you want to know more about Prospects of Piping and Process Engineering
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